possesses the largest amount of wealth of any country. ranks very highly in international measures of quality of life, income and wealth, productivity, economic competitiveness, human rights, innovation, and education. Many policy issues are decentralized at a state or local level, with widely differing laws by jurisdiction. It has a bicameral national legislature composed of the House of Representatives, a lower house based on population and the Senate, an upper house based on equal representation for each state. The United States government is a federal presidential constitutional republic and liberal democracy with three separate branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial. Following the Soviet Union's collapse and the end of the Cold War, the United States emerged as the world's sole superpower. During the Space Race, the United States landed the first humans on the Moon. The aftermath of the war left the United States and the Soviet Union as the world's two superpowers and led to the Cold War, during which both countries engaged in a struggle for ideological dominance and international influence but avoided direct military conflict. entered World War II on the side of the Allies. After Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941, the U.S. By 1900, the United States had established itself as a great power, becoming the world's largest economy. With the Union's victory and preservation, slavery was abolished nationally. Sectional division over slavery led to the secession of the Confederate States of America, which fought the remaining states of the Union during the American Civil War (1861–1865). The country began expanding across North America, spanning the continent by 1848. The United States declared independence on July 4, 1776, becoming the first nation-state founded on Enlightenment principles of unalienable natural rights, consent of the governed, and republicanism. They clashed with the British Crown over taxation and political representation, which led to the American Revolution and the ensuing Revolutionary War. Beginning in 1607, British colonization led to the establishment of the Thirteen Colonies in what is now the Eastern United States.

Indigenous peoples have inhabited the Americas for thousands of years.

The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C., and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third-most populous in the world. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. The United States of America ( USA), commonly known as the United States ( U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America and consisting of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, and nine Minor Outlying Islands.

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